Poor Pumpkin :(
Sep. 29th, 2012 11:41 am![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
glacier_kittyPumpkin has been gone two weeks now..I don't like giving up hope, but if anyone knew their way around outside, it was her. She would have come home by now. I hope her death wasn't too painful :(
I finished my earthquake essay. If anyone would like to read it, I'll post it here!
Earthquakes are some of the most powerful forces on earth. There have been many destructive ones, but this essay will focus on the Alaska earthquake of 1964 and San Francisco earthquake of 1906.
On March 27, 1964, at 5:36 PM, the earth was suddenly shaken by the second most powerful earthquake in recorded history. It was a magnitude 9.2 centered in Prince William Sound in Alaska. The earthquake lasted four destructive minutes.
Alaska is the most seismically active state in the United States. It sits on a thrust fault where the Pacific Plate meets the North American Plate. The Pacific Plate subducts under the North American Plate, causing stress and the plate to be compressed. The stress eventually releases in the form of an earthquake. It’s this that caused the 1964 earthquake.
The damage was extensive, estimated at $330 million. In Anchorage, there were landslides, especially in the Turnagain and L Street residential areas. These homes were built on Bootlegger Cove Clay, which is very weak. The violent shaking caused the clay to liquefy and collapse. Valdez, which was closest to the epicenter, was totally destroyed when the land dropped and the sea rushed in. Land near Portage and Girdwood dropped eight feet, killing the trees. At Kodiak Island, parts of the land were raised up 30 feet. One can still see the landslide on Sherman Glacier near Cordova from the earthquake. Tsunamis, caused from the massive displacement of water, severely damaged Whittier, Seward, and other cities along the coast. Outside of Alaska, the tsunami reached Oregon and California. The maximum height of the waves were reported to be 70 meters in Valdez arm. The seismic waves traveled all around the earth, even causing water in pools as far south as Louisiana to slosh out. Some fishing boats were sunk.
131 people died in the earthquake, surprisingly low for such a large earthquake. Most of the deaths were caused by the tsunamis, though nine died from ground shaking.
Some of the damage could have been prevented. It’s safer to build on bedrock rather than unstable clay. If the people had known how unstable the ground was in Turnagain and other areas in Anchorage, they could have moved to more safer ground. Some of the people were killed when returning too quickly when they thought the tsunami was over. If they had known more than one wave happens in a tsunami, they could have been saved.
People learned from the earthquake. Chenega and Valdez were moved to harder ground. Buildings in Anchorage were installed with motion sensors to study how they react in an earthquake. The Alaska Tsunami Warning Center was built in Palmer. Scientists constantly monitor seismic activity. A big earthquake will probably happen again, but hopefully people learned from the 1964 earthquake and are better prepared.
At 5:12 AM, on April 18, 1906, San Francisco, California, was shaken by one of the most significant earthquakes of all time. It’s estimated that the magnitude was an 8.25. The quake lasted less than a minute, but caused major damage.
California sits between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, causing a rift called the San Andreas Fault, which is a transform fault (the plates slide past each other). The fault is about 800 miles long, and stretches from Northern California to Cajon Pass in Southern California.
The epicenter of the earthquake was near San Francisco. The city was destroyed. Tenements collapsed when the ground liquefied beneath them. Trees were uprooted, asphalt buckled, buildings were cracked and walls caved in, water mains and gas lines broke, which quickly caused a fast moving fire to spread across the city. Since there was no water to put them out, and the fire chief was killed when debris fell on him, the fire burned for three days and destroyed almost 500 city blocks before burning itself out. At least 3,000 people died, and more than half the population were left homeless. The damage was estimated to cost $400 million. The San Francisco Earthquake was the first large natural disaster to be recorded in pictures.
Not a lot was known about earthquakes back then, but after the quake there was a massive amount of research. There are over one thousand seismic stations in California. Structures are built to withstand earthquakes. The San Andreas Fault was studied in detail. In the future, this will prevent damage on the scale of what happened in San Francisco.
We have to be ready – the next big quake could strike at any time.
38. Abandoned
Cheating again..
1. Introduction
2. Love
3. Light
4. Dark
5. Seeking Solace
6. Break Away
7. Heaven
8. Innocence
9. Drive
10. Breathe Again
11. Memory
12. Insanity
13. Misfortune
14. Smile
15. Silence
16. Questioning
17. Blood
18. Rainbow
19. Gray
20. Fortitude
21. Vacation
22. Mother Nature
23. Cat
24. No Time
25. Trouble Lurking
26. Tears
27. Foreign
28. Sorrow
29. Happiness
30. Under the Rain
31. Flowers
32. Night
33. Expectations
34. Stars
35. Hold My Hand
36. Precious Treasure
37. Eyes
38. Abandoned
39. Dreams
40. Rated
41. Teamwork
42. Standing Still
43. Dying
44. Two Roads
45. Illusion
46. Family
47. Creation
48. Childhood
49. Stripes
50. Breaking the Rules
51. Sport
52. Deep in Thought
53. Keeping a Secret
54. Tower
55. Waiting
56. Danger Ahead
57. Sacrifice
58. Kick in the Head
59. No Way Out
60. Rejection
61. Fairy Tale
62. Magic
63. Do Not Disturb
64. Multitasking
65. Horror
66. Traps
67. Playing the Melody
68. Hero
69. Annoyance
70. 67%
71. Obsession
72. Mischief Managed
73. I Can't
74. Are You Challenging Me?
75. Mirror
76. Broken Pieces
77. Test
78. Drink
79. Starvation
80. Words
81. Pen and Paper
82. Can You Hear Me?
83. Heal
84. Out Cold
85. Spiral
86. Seeing Red
87. Food
88. Pain
89. Through the Fire
90. Triangle
91. Drowning
92. All That I Have
93. Give Up
94. Last Hope
95. Advertisement
96. In the Storm
97. Safety First
98. Puzzle
99. Solitude
100. Relaxation
101. Life
101. Youth
103. Content
104. Change
105. Dreams
106. Pessimistic
107. Pirate
108. Novel
109. Doom
110. Garden
111. Sadness
112. Confusion
113. Freedom
114. Inevitable
115. Idle
116. Vampires
117. Convention
118. Roleplaying
119. Skull
120. Pain
121. Joy
122. Time
123. Warmth
124. Voodoo
125. Insomnia
126. Solitude
127. Zombies
128. Heaven
129. Evil
130. Weary
131. Candyland
132. Robot
133. Old-school
134. Patriotism
135. Flight
136. Movie
137. What if...
138. Batman
139. Dance
140. Oh, REALLY???
141. Play
142. Uh-oh...
143. Duel
144. coldness
145. Caption
146. Photo
147. Pants
148. Red
149. Fiesta
150. Percent
151. cute
152. playfullness
153. Stress
154. Froof
155. Mutation
156. Skeleton
157. Rock
158. Lies
159. Ninja
160. Message
161. Bugs
162. Effort
163. Band-aid
164. weird
165. Imaginary
166. Fly Me to the Moon...
167. Discovery
168. What?
169. Adhesive
170. Underworld
171. tropical
172. magic
173. Random
174. Video Game
175. Crisis
176. Insanity
177. Ice
178. Working Hard
179. Hardly Working
180. Sandwich
181. Clone
182. Clumsy
183. Keyboard
184. Hope
185. Song
186. Surprise
187. Cursed
188. Awesomeness
189. hate
190. Fire
191. Orange
192. Love
193. Annoyance
194. Misunderstanding
195. Fantasy
196. Puppy
197. Lost
198. Pie
199. Fate
200. Death
I finished my earthquake essay. If anyone would like to read it, I'll post it here!
Earthquakes are some of the most powerful forces on earth. There have been many destructive ones, but this essay will focus on the Alaska earthquake of 1964 and San Francisco earthquake of 1906.
On March 27, 1964, at 5:36 PM, the earth was suddenly shaken by the second most powerful earthquake in recorded history. It was a magnitude 9.2 centered in Prince William Sound in Alaska. The earthquake lasted four destructive minutes.
Alaska is the most seismically active state in the United States. It sits on a thrust fault where the Pacific Plate meets the North American Plate. The Pacific Plate subducts under the North American Plate, causing stress and the plate to be compressed. The stress eventually releases in the form of an earthquake. It’s this that caused the 1964 earthquake.
The damage was extensive, estimated at $330 million. In Anchorage, there were landslides, especially in the Turnagain and L Street residential areas. These homes were built on Bootlegger Cove Clay, which is very weak. The violent shaking caused the clay to liquefy and collapse. Valdez, which was closest to the epicenter, was totally destroyed when the land dropped and the sea rushed in. Land near Portage and Girdwood dropped eight feet, killing the trees. At Kodiak Island, parts of the land were raised up 30 feet. One can still see the landslide on Sherman Glacier near Cordova from the earthquake. Tsunamis, caused from the massive displacement of water, severely damaged Whittier, Seward, and other cities along the coast. Outside of Alaska, the tsunami reached Oregon and California. The maximum height of the waves were reported to be 70 meters in Valdez arm. The seismic waves traveled all around the earth, even causing water in pools as far south as Louisiana to slosh out. Some fishing boats were sunk.
131 people died in the earthquake, surprisingly low for such a large earthquake. Most of the deaths were caused by the tsunamis, though nine died from ground shaking.
Some of the damage could have been prevented. It’s safer to build on bedrock rather than unstable clay. If the people had known how unstable the ground was in Turnagain and other areas in Anchorage, they could have moved to more safer ground. Some of the people were killed when returning too quickly when they thought the tsunami was over. If they had known more than one wave happens in a tsunami, they could have been saved.
People learned from the earthquake. Chenega and Valdez were moved to harder ground. Buildings in Anchorage were installed with motion sensors to study how they react in an earthquake. The Alaska Tsunami Warning Center was built in Palmer. Scientists constantly monitor seismic activity. A big earthquake will probably happen again, but hopefully people learned from the 1964 earthquake and are better prepared.
At 5:12 AM, on April 18, 1906, San Francisco, California, was shaken by one of the most significant earthquakes of all time. It’s estimated that the magnitude was an 8.25. The quake lasted less than a minute, but caused major damage.
California sits between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, causing a rift called the San Andreas Fault, which is a transform fault (the plates slide past each other). The fault is about 800 miles long, and stretches from Northern California to Cajon Pass in Southern California.
The epicenter of the earthquake was near San Francisco. The city was destroyed. Tenements collapsed when the ground liquefied beneath them. Trees were uprooted, asphalt buckled, buildings were cracked and walls caved in, water mains and gas lines broke, which quickly caused a fast moving fire to spread across the city. Since there was no water to put them out, and the fire chief was killed when debris fell on him, the fire burned for three days and destroyed almost 500 city blocks before burning itself out. At least 3,000 people died, and more than half the population were left homeless. The damage was estimated to cost $400 million. The San Francisco Earthquake was the first large natural disaster to be recorded in pictures.
Not a lot was known about earthquakes back then, but after the quake there was a massive amount of research. There are over one thousand seismic stations in California. Structures are built to withstand earthquakes. The San Andreas Fault was studied in detail. In the future, this will prevent damage on the scale of what happened in San Francisco.
We have to be ready – the next big quake could strike at any time.
38. Abandoned
Cheating again..
2. Love
3. Light
4. Dark
5. Seeking Solace
6. Break Away
7. Heaven
8. Innocence
9. Drive
10. Breathe Again
11. Memory
12. Insanity
13. Misfortune
14. Smile
15. Silence
16. Questioning
17. Blood
18. Rainbow
19. Gray
20. Fortitude
21. Vacation
22. Mother Nature
23. Cat
24. No Time
25. Trouble Lurking
26. Tears
27. Foreign
28. Sorrow
29. Happiness
30. Under the Rain
31. Flowers
32. Night
33. Expectations
34. Stars
35. Hold My Hand
36. Precious Treasure
37. Eyes
38. Abandoned
39. Dreams
40. Rated
41. Teamwork
42. Standing Still
43. Dying
44. Two Roads
45. Illusion
46. Family
47. Creation
48. Childhood
49. Stripes
50. Breaking the Rules
51. Sport
52. Deep in Thought
53. Keeping a Secret
54. Tower
55. Waiting
56. Danger Ahead
57. Sacrifice
58. Kick in the Head
59. No Way Out
60. Rejection
61. Fairy Tale
62. Magic
63. Do Not Disturb
64. Multitasking
65. Horror
66. Traps
67. Playing the Melody
68. Hero
69. Annoyance
70. 67%
71. Obsession
72. Mischief Managed
73. I Can't
74. Are You Challenging Me?
75. Mirror
76. Broken Pieces
77. Test
78. Drink
79. Starvation
80. Words
81. Pen and Paper
82. Can You Hear Me?
83. Heal
84. Out Cold
85. Spiral
86. Seeing Red
87. Food
88. Pain
89. Through the Fire
90. Triangle
91. Drowning
92. All That I Have
93. Give Up
94. Last Hope
95. Advertisement
96. In the Storm
97. Safety First
98. Puzzle
99. Solitude
100. Relaxation
101. Life
101. Youth
103. Content
104. Change
105. Dreams
106. Pessimistic
107. Pirate
108. Novel
109. Doom
110. Garden
111. Sadness
112. Confusion
113. Freedom
114. Inevitable
115. Idle
116. Vampires
117. Convention
118. Roleplaying
119. Skull
120. Pain
121. Joy
122. Time
123. Warmth
124. Voodoo
125. Insomnia
126. Solitude
127. Zombies
128. Heaven
129. Evil
130. Weary
131. Candyland
132. Robot
133. Old-school
134. Patriotism
135. Flight
136. Movie
137. What if...
138. Batman
139. Dance
140. Oh, REALLY???
141. Play
142. Uh-oh...
143. Duel
144. coldness
145. Caption
146. Photo
147. Pants
148. Red
149. Fiesta
150. Percent
151. cute
152. playfullness
153. Stress
154. Froof
155. Mutation
156. Skeleton
157. Rock
158. Lies
159. Ninja
160. Message
161. Bugs
162. Effort
163. Band-aid
164. weird
165. Imaginary
166. Fly Me to the Moon...
167. Discovery
168. What?
169. Adhesive
170. Underworld
171. tropical
172. magic
173. Random
174. Video Game
175. Crisis
176. Insanity
177. Ice
178. Working Hard
179. Hardly Working
180. Sandwich
181. Clone
182. Clumsy
183. Keyboard
184. Hope
185. Song
186. Surprise
187. Cursed
188. Awesomeness
189. hate
190. Fire
191. Orange
192. Love
193. Annoyance
194. Misunderstanding
195. Fantasy
196. Puppy
197. Lost
198. Pie
199. Fate
200. Death
![[identity profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/openid.png){kind=small}
no subject
Date: 2012-09-29 09:15 pm (UTC)That is a very good essay!
no subject
Date: 2012-09-29 10:29 pm (UTC)I really learned a few things from reading your essay and it kept my interest. I've always been intrigued by earthquakes and the science around them.
Loved your picture. It shows "abandoned" well! :)
no subject
Date: 2012-09-30 05:40 am (UTC)Your earthquake essay is great...I really enjoyed reading it.
I love that picture, too! Abandoned structures always have fascinated me. There's something so eerie but beautiful about them, and I feel like they have great stories behind them.
no subject
Date: 2012-09-30 08:54 am (UTC)I'm so sorry!
That is a very good essay. Really well-written!
no subject
Date: 2012-10-02 05:23 pm (UTC)